93 chemical fiber products terminology, hurry to write down!

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GB/T 4146.2-2017 “Textile Chemical Fibers Part 2: Product Terminology” was officially implemented on December 1, 2017. The standard defines the terms and definitions of various chemical fiber products used in textiles or other applications. It is also a re-revision of an old standard that is more than 30 years old. Compared with GB/T 4146-1984, the main changes of the corresponding new standard are 3.

from the original standard of a clause, independent for a standard, the number of terms from the original 39 increased to 93.
according to the characteristics of chemical fiber products, according to 6 categories given to see the product terminology of chemical fiber
added three categories of fiber terms: bio-based, smart and recycled
two categories of functional and high-performance fiber terms were added; the terms related to deformed filaments were deleted.

Our company has compiled the names and definitions of 93 chemical fibers given in the standard, do you know them all?

Product Categories

man-made fibers; chemical fibers

In addition to natural fibers, man-made fibers.

Note: Chemical fibers are divided into recycled fibers, synthetic fibers, and inorganic fibers.

regenerated fibers

Chemical fibers are made from natural products (cellulose, protein, etc.) through the spinning process.

synthetic fibers

Chemical fibers are made from polymers synthesized from organic monomers and other chemical raw materials.

inorganic fibers

Fibers are made from minerals and other raw materials.

regenerated cellulose fibers

Regenerated cellulose fibers made from natural cellulose by spinning process.

regenerated protein fibers

Regenerated protein fibers are made from natural proteins by the spinning process.

bio-based fibers

Fibers made from biomass or polymers containing monomers of biomass origin.

recycled fibers

Fibers are made from recycled waste polymer materials and waste textile materials.

Note 2 There are two types of fibers, chemical and physical, according to the production process.

functional fibers

Fibers with functions beyond those of conventional fibers, which are given to them during the fiber production process.

high performance fibers

The physical and mechanical properties of the fiber itself, outstanding thermal properties, or have some special properties of the fiber.

intelligent fibers

Fibers that can sense and react to environmental changes or stimuli.

General

1 filament

A fiber that has (or potentially has) the appearance of curls, spirals, loops, etc., and exhibits fluffiness and stretchiness.

2 staple fibers

Chemical fibers of the cut fiber.

3 industry filament

Chemical fiber filament with high physical and mechanical properties is used in industry.

4 monofilament

A continuous filament of a single fiber.

5 modified fibers

Fibers are obtained by chemical or physical modification of certain properties of conventional chemical fibers.

6 pre-oriented yarn; partially oriented yarn; POY

Partially oriented chemical fiber filaments are made by high-speed spinning.

7 high oriented yarn; HOY

Crystalline highly oriented chemical fiber filaments are obtained by ultra-high speed spinning.

8 full drawn yarn; FDY

Fully crystallized, oriented chemical fiber filament yarn obtained by spinning and drawing in one step.

9 textured fibers

Textured fibers with (or potentially with) curl, spiral, ring, and other appearance characteristics and present fluffy, stretchy fibers.

10 draw textured yarn; DTY

All or part of the drawing stage of chemical fiber filaments and deformation process on the same machine and made of deformed fibers, also known as elastic yarn.

Different production processes are low stretch yarn, medium stretch yarn, and high stretch yarn, etc.

11 bulked continuous filament; BCF

After spinning, drawing, hot air deformation treatment is made of fluffy filament.

12 interlaced yarn; tangled yarn

Chemical fiber filament through a special compressed air nozzle (networker) is processed into interlaced yarn.

13 stretch breaking fibers

The use of silk directly into the process of silk card to pull off or cut off so that the fiber length does not exceed the prescribed upper limit of the obtained short fiber.

14 cotton type fibers

Length of about 30 mm ~ 40 mm, line density of about 1.67 dtex, length and thickness, and cotton fibers similar to the fiber.

15 wool type fibers

Length of about 70 mm ~ 150 mm, the linear density of 3.33 dtex or more, length and thickness, and natural wool similar chemical fibers.

16 mid fibers

Length of 51 mm ~ 76 mm, linear density in 2.20 dtex ~ 3.33 dtex, between the cotton type fibers and wool type fibers.

17 profiled fibers

Spun by a certain geometry (non-circular) spinning holes with a special cross-sectional shape of the fiber.

18 hollow fibers

Tubular cavity through the fiber axial fiber.

19 hollow fibers membrane

Selective permeability hollow fibers with microporous fiber walls, microporous size of a nanometer to the micron level.

20 superfine fibers; microfibers

Single filament linear density of less than or equal to 0.33 dtex fibers.

21 nanofibers

Fibers with an average diameter of less than 100 nm.

22 bright fibers; lustrous fibers

Spinning process, without chemical or physical methods to matte the fibers made.

23 dull fibers

The spinning process, after the chemical or physical methods of matting treatment made of fibers.

Note 2 usually uses titanium dioxide as a matting agent, according to the amount of titanium dioxide added to have a micro matte fiber, semi-matte fibers, and full matte fibers.

24 three-dimensional crimp fibers

Under the specified conditions, produce three-dimensional curl fiber.

25 short cut fibers

Length of less than 20 mm fibers.

26 spun-dyed fibers

Colored fibers spun from a spinning stock or melt containing a coloring agent.

27 coated fibers

Fibers whose surfaces are completely coated with certain substances.

28 cationic-dyeable fibers

Polyvinyl acetate fibers with cationic-dyeable properties.

Note 3 Fibers made by adding a terpolymer containing the third monomer with sulfonic acid groups during the polymerization process and then spinning; or fibers made by adding other monomers with a loose molecular chain structure to form a quadruple copolymer and then spinning.

29 composite fibers

By two or more polymers, or similar polymers with different properties by the composite spinning made of fibers.

30 sheath-core composite fibers

Two-component polymers are formed along the fiber longitudinal continuous skin and core of composite fibers.

31 side-by-side composite fibers

Along the fiber longitudinal, two-component polymers are listed on both sides of the fiber composite fibers, requiring the interface of the two components to have a certain adhesion, so as to avoid interface peeling.

32 split composite fibers

The two components of the polymer along with the fiber axial continuous arrangement, fiber cross-sectional orange flap, stripes, and other shapes, after processing, can be divided into multiple lobes of composite fibers.

33 sea-island composite fibers

By the disperse phase polymer (island) uniformly embedded in the continuous phase polymer (sea) in the formation of composite fibers.

34 resin

The synthetic polymer material is used in the production of chemical fibers in the form of powder, flocculent, and other solids.

35 chip

For the production of chemical fibers in the form of spherical, columnar, cylindrical, and other particles of synthetic polymer materials.

36 pulp

Fibrous natural or synthetic polymers used in the production of chemical fibers are chemically or mechanically treated and made into fibrous aggregates.

37 top

A fibrous aggregate made from chemical fiber raw materials in the form of strips.

38 tire cord

A strong strand is used as a warp yarn for cord fabric.

39 carbon fibers precursor

Specialized fibers that can meet the requirements of carbon fiber production, also known as carbon fiber precursors.

40 tow

A long basically untwisted bundle of chemical fibers made from a large number of continuous filaments that are cut into short fibers or drawn and cut into chemical fiber strips.

Functional fibers

1 elastic fiber

Fibers with high elongation and high resilience.

2 high shrinkage fibers

Fibers with a high shrinkage rate after heat treatment.

3 low shrinkage fibers

After heat treatment, has a low shrinkage fiber.

4 binder fibers

The melting point and the softening point are low, beyond the melting point with bonding properties of fibers.

5 flame retardant fibers

After leaving the flame can quickly self-extinguish flaming and flameless burning fibers.

6 luminescent fibers; luminous fibers

When irradiated by radiation can emit visible light fibers.

7 heat-accumulating fibers

Fibers that convert sunlight or infrared light into heat energy and store it.

8 medical fibers

Medical fibers are used for the preparation of human substitute materials and medical and hygienic materials.

9 radiation-resistant fibers

Fibers with outstanding resistance to radiation, neutron flow, etc.

10 optical fibers

Concentric skin-core composite fibers or coated fibers that can conduct light.

11 ultraviolet resistant fibers

Fibers with UV-blocking and absorbing properties.

12 structural coloration fibers

The use of microscopic structure by light scattering or interference and other effects to produce color fibers.

13 antistatic fibers

Fibers that do not collect static charges easily and have the function of preventing or eliminating static electricity. Also known as anti-static fibers.

14 electroconductive fibers

All or part of the use of metal or conductive organic materials such as conductive or sub-conductive materials made of fibers.

15 anti-microbial fibers

Microorganisms have to kill or inhibit the growth of fibers, including anti-bacterial, anti-fungal fibers, etc.

16 stanch fibers

Excellent adhesion and clotting effect and non-toxic and can be absorbed porous soft fibers.

17 absorbable fibers

Implanted in human or animal muscle, in a certain period of time can be self-degradation and be implanted in the body tissue completely absorbed fibers.

18 micro-organism decomposable fibers

In the soil or seawater and other environments by microbial action can be completely decomposed fibers.

19 reactive fibers

In the macromolecular main chain or side, the chain contains chemically reactive groups of fibers.

20 imitational fibers

imitation of natural fiber morphology and structure, perception, and performance of chemical fibers.

Note: generally include imitation cotton fibers (cotton-like fibers, cottony fibers), imitation wool fibers, imitation silk fibers, and imitation hemp fibers.

21 moisture conductive fibers

With excellent moisture transfer properties of fibers.

22 hygroscopic fibers

Can absorb a large amount of vapor moisture from the surrounding environment of the fiber.

23 water-absorbing fibers

Fibers with high water absorption capacity can absorb large amounts of liquid water.

24 anti-soil fibers

Fibers with resistance to flickering or easy decontamination properties.

25 water-soluble fibers

Can be dissolved in water or water slowly hydrolysis into water-soluble molecules or compounds of fibers.

26 ion-exchange fibers

Fibers with ion exchange function, according to the type of ion exchange groups they have, can be divided into cation exchange fibers, anion exchange fibers, and amphoteric ion-exchange fibers.

27 adsorptive fibers

Fibers with a strong adsorption of gas-phase or liquid-phase substances.

28 activated carbon fibers

Activated carbon fibers with a large number of microporous structures on the surface and a large specific surface area. The general specific surface area is greater than 500 m2/g.

High Performance Fibers

1 high strength and modulus fibers

Tensile breaking strength and modulus very high fiber. Generally refers to the tensile breaking strength greater than 2GPa, tensile modulus greater than 100 GPa fibers.

2 high-temperature resistant fibers

In a longer period of time subjected to high temperatures (such as 200 – ℃ above) can basically maintain the original physical and mechanical properties of the fiber.

3 anti-coπosion fibers

Can be resistant to strong acid or strong alkaline material corrosion of fibers.

4 anti-flame fibers

Can slow down, stop or prevent their own flame burning fibers.

Bio-based fibers

1 regenerated bio-based fibers

Fibers are made from biomass by spinning.

2 synthetic bio-based fibers

Biomass as raw material through fermentation and other methods to prepare small molecules, and then polymerization to prepare polymer spinning and forming made of fibers.

3 marine bio-based fibers

The use of marine organisms or marine biological extracts through the spinning process is made of fibers.